广元商城网站开发,百度联盟怎么做网站,坪山网站建设策划,页面设计ui前言
一些老的、Mini 的 ARM 开发板上没有预留网口#xff0c;这样在调试升级内核或应用程序时很不方便。纵使有串口下载工具#xff0c;但其速度也是慢地捉急。这种情况下#xff0c;使用其它接口来扩展出一个网口无疑是一个比较好的方法。 ENC28J60 就是一个使用 SPI 接口…前言
一些老的、Mini 的 ARM 开发板上没有预留网口这样在调试升级内核或应用程序时很不方便。纵使有串口下载工具但其速度也是慢地捉急。这种情况下使用其它接口来扩展出一个网口无疑是一个比较好的方法。 ENC28J60 就是一个使用 SPI 接口来扩展网口的模块今天我们就来演示下在树莓派上如何使用 ENC28J60。
环境
硬件树莓派3b、ENC28J60 软件buildroot、kernel-5.10.92
摸索
驱动
既然想要使用 ENC28J60那么肯定得有一份它的驱动程序。 作为一款广泛使用的模块内核理应有它的驱动程序搜一下 果然内核有它的驱动程序且其已经被编译成了内核模块
liyongjunBox:~/project/board/buildroot$ find RPi3/build/linux-custom/drivers/ -name enc28j60.ko
RPi3/build/linux-custom/drivers/net/ethernet/microchip/enc28j60.ko硬件
有了驱动接下来就要看硬件如何连接了。 知道是连 SPI 接口但是 SPI 接口有 SPI0、SPI1、SPI2 等要连哪个呢另外还有 CS、INT 引脚要连接树莓派的哪个引脚 那就去看设备树。 驱动的匹配属性为 “microchip,enc28j60”那就在设备树中搜下该参数 搜到了两个设备树文件Device Tree Overlays 相关知识请自行搜索或查看这篇文章 arch/arm/boot/dts/overlays/enc28j60-overlay.dts arch/arm/boot/dts/overlays/enc28j60-spi2-overlay.dts 说明 enc28j60 可以接在不同的 SPI 接口上工作这里我们研究 enc28j60-overlay.dts即 SPI0。 target spi0;指定插件设备树的父节点是 spi0 所以查看 SPI0 的引脚分配 9、10、11 分别是 MISO、MOSI、SCK 8、7 是 CS 引脚为什么配置两个引脚作为 CS 引脚这里表示不理解本实验中选取 8 引脚作为 CS 引脚。 而 INT 引脚是在 enc28j60-overlay.dts 中配置的使用 25 引脚所以最终的硬件连接为
RPi3b ENC28J60
----------------------------
3V3 VCC
GPIO10/MOSI SI
GPIO9/MISO SO
GPIO11/SCLK SCK
GND GND GPIO25 INT
GPIO8/CE0# CS 实物连接
配置
树莓派硬件比较特殊开启 SPI 需要修改板子中的配置文件如下
# mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /boot
# cat /boot/config.txt
# Please note that this is only a sample, we recommend you to change it to fit
# your needs.
# You should override this file using BR2_PACKAGE_RPI_FIRMWARE_CONFIG_FILE.
# See http://buildroot.org/manual.html#rootfs-custom
# and http://elinux.org/RPiconfig for a description of config.txt syntaxstart_filestart.elf
fixup_filefixup.datkernelzImage# To use an external initramfs file
#initramfs rootfs.cpio.gz# Disable overscan assuming the display supports displaying the full resolution
# If the text shown on the screen disappears off the edge, comment this out
disable_overscan1# How much memory in MB to assign to the GPU on Pi models having
# 256, 512 or 1024 MB total memory
gpu_mem_256100
gpu_mem_512100
gpu_mem_1024100# fixes rpi (3B, 3B, 3A, 4B and Zero W) ttyAMA0 serial console
dtoverlayminiuart-bt# enable autoprobing of Bluetooth driver without need of hciattach/btattach
dtoverlaykrnbtondtparamspion
dtoverlayenc28j60需要手动在 config.txt 文件末尾处添加
dtparamspion
dtoverlayenc28j60这两个参数猜测是给 start.elf 使用的因为在其文件中搜出了相应的字符串
liyongjunBox:~/project/board/buildroot$ strings RPi3/images/rpi-firmware/start.elf | grep dtparam
dtparam: %s%s
Unknown dtparam %s - ignored
dtparam
dtparams
liyongjunBox:~/project/board/buildroot$ strings RPi3/images/rpi-firmware/start.elf | grep dtoverlay
dtoverlay安装驱动
# insmod /lib/modules/5.10.92-v7/kernel/drivers/spi/spi-bcm2835.ko
# insmod /lib/modules/5.10.92-v7/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/microchip/enc28j60.ko
[ 6214.374882] enc28j60 spi0.0: Ethernet driver 1.02 loaded查看网口
# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:8A:BC:F4 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 76:30:92:53:5E:E4 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)Interrupt:200 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
多出了一个 eth1说明 ENC28J60 已经被成功驱动起来了
使能网卡
# ifconfig eth1 up
[ 6239.461085] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: link down
[ 6239.469427] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: normal mode
[ 6239.477886] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: multicast mode
# [ 6240.462780] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: link up - Half duplex# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:8A:BC:F4 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 76:30:92:53:5E:E4 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:769 (769.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)Interrupt:200 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
使能网卡后并且插上网线看到 eth1 已经处于 RUNNING 状态但是还没有 IP那就手动触发下 dhcpc
# udhcpc -i eth1
udhcpc: started, v1.36.0
[ 6256.013810] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: multicast mode
[ 6256.027504] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: multicast mode
udhcpc: broadcasting discover
udhcpc: broadcasting select for 192.168.31.239, server 192.168.31.1
udhcpc: lease of 192.168.31.239 obtained from 192.168.31.1, lease time 43200
[ 6256.824266] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: multicast mode
[ 6256.832197] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: multicast mode
deleting routers
adding dns 192.168.31.1# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:27:EB:8A:BC:F4 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 76:30:92:53:5E:E4 inet addr:192.168.31.239 Bcast:192.168.31.255 Mask:255.255.255.0UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:27 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4775 (4.6 KiB) TX bytes:684 (684.0 B)Interrupt:200 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)这样eth1 获得了 IP 地址 192.168.31.239 ping 下外网试试
# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (180.101.50.242): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 180.101.50.242: seq0 ttl53 time9.520 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.50.242: seq1 ttl53 time10.309 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.50.242: seq2 ttl53 time9.635 ms可以 ping 通同时插拔网线也有相应的 up/down 事件。
# [ 106.197318] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: link up - Half duplex
#
# [ 113.533593] enc28j60 spi0.0 eth1: link down附录
# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:Supported ports: [ TP ]Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full Supported pause frame use: NoSupports auto-negotiation: NoSupported FEC modes: Not reportedAdvertised link modes: Not reportedAdvertised pause frame use: NoAdvertised auto-negotiation: NoAdvertised FEC modes: Not reportedSpeed: 10Mb/sDuplex: HalfPort: Twisted PairPHYAD: 0Transceiver: internalAuto-negotiation: offMDI-X: UnknownCurrent message level: 0x00000036 (54)probe link ifdown ifupENC28J60 是一款 10Mbps 速率的以太网 MACPHY 芯片和单片机的通信接口为 SPISPI 最高时钟频率为 20MHz。 ENC28J60 支持半双工和全双工模式但是不支持自动协商。在支持自动协商的网络环境中ENC28J60 默认的工作模式是半双工模式。 黄色灯表示 Activity即闪烁一次代表有数据传输一次绿色灯表示 Link up即绿色灯常亮代表网口正常工作。
性能测试phy rate10Mbps 半双工
TCP
PS D:\Tools\iperf-3.0.11-win64 .\iperf3.exe -c 192.168.31.239
Connecting to host 192.168.31.239, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.31.211 port 1648 connected to 192.168.31.239 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 896 KBytes 7.34 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 640 KBytes 5.24 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 3.00-4.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 4.00-5.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 5.00-6.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 6.00-7.00 sec 640 KBytes 5.24 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 7.00-8.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 8.00-9.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.30 Mbits/sec
[ 4] 9.00-10.00 sec 768 KBytes 6.29 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 7.38 MBytes 6.19 Mbits/sec sender
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 7.19 MBytes 6.03 Mbits/sec receiveriperf Done.UDP
PS D:\Tools\iperf-3.0.11-win64 .\iperf3.exe -c 192.168.31.239 -b10M -u
Connecting to host 192.168.31.239, port 5201
[ 4] local 192.168.31.211 port 63892 connected to 192.168.31.239 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-1.00 sec 1.08 MBytes 9.03 Mbits/sec 138
[ 4] 1.00-2.00 sec 1.20 MBytes 10.0 Mbits/sec 153
[ 4] 2.00-3.00 sec 1.19 MBytes 9.95 Mbits/sec 152
[ 4] 3.00-4.00 sec 1.20 MBytes 10.0 Mbits/sec 153
[ 4] 4.00-5.00 sec 1.24 MBytes 10.4 Mbits/sec 159
[ 4] 5.00-6.01 sec 1.15 MBytes 9.62 Mbits/sec 147
[ 4] 6.01-7.01 sec 1.14 MBytes 9.57 Mbits/sec 146
[ 4] 7.01-8.01 sec 1.15 MBytes 9.62 Mbits/sec 147
[ 4] 8.01-9.00 sec 1.13 MBytes 9.57 Mbits/sec 145
[ 4] 9.00-10.00 sec 1.14 MBytes 9.56 Mbits/sec 146
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams
[ 4] 0.00-10.00 sec 11.6 MBytes 9.74 Mbits/sec 0.548 ms 0/3 (0%)
[ 4] Sent 3 datagramsiperf Done.驱动信息
# ethtool -i eth1
driver: enc28j60
version: 1.02
firmware-version:
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: spi0.0
supports-statistics: no
supports-test: no
supports-eeprom-access: no
supports-register-dump: no
supports-priv-flags: no
