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在 ARM 架构下#xff0c;UOS 系统#xff0c;需要使用 Qt 5.15.2 版本环境#xff0c;所以只能通过源码编译的形式进行 Qt 环境的部署。
软硬件相关信息#xff1a;
处理器: 飞腾 FT-2000 4 核制造商: Phytium架构: aarch 64家族: ARMv 8系统#xff1a;UOS V 20…背景
在 ARM 架构下UOS 系统需要使用 Qt 5.15.2 版本环境所以只能通过源码编译的形式进行 Qt 环境的部署。
软硬件相关信息
处理器: 飞腾 FT-2000 4 核制造商: Phytium架构: aarch 64家族: ARMv 8系统UOS V 20 1060内核4.19.0-arm 64-desktop
下载 Qt、Qtcreator 源码
这里选择的是国内的镜像地址进行下载源码。
Qt 5.15.2 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/qtproject/archive/qt/5.15/5.15.2/single/
Qt Creator http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/qtproject/archive/qtcreator/
需要注意的是QtCreator 的版本要和 Qt 大版本对应。比如Qtcreator 11 版本采用 Qt 6 编译如果你下载的 Qt 源码是 Qt 5 版本的那么编译时会找不到 Qt 6 相关的 cmake 文件无法进行编译。是否适合当前版本可以通过 qt-creator-opensource-src 里的 README.md 中介绍确定对应的版本。
下载完成后使用 tar 命令进行解压
tar -zxvf qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2.tar.xz
tar -zxvf qt-creator-opensource-src-7.0.2.tar.gz环境配置
安装 Qt 所需的依赖
sudo apt install build-essential libgl1-mesa-dev libxkbcommon-dev libnss3-dev libdbus-1-dev gperf flex bison安装 xcb 相关
sudo apt-get install ^libxcb.*-dev libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev libxi-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev这一步比较关键因为涉及到编译之后有 libqxcb.so如果缺失会导致错误。
如果需要使用到 QWebEngine 模块那么需要安装以下依赖库
sudo apt install libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev libxtst-dev libxss-dev libdbus-1-dev libevent-dev libfontconfig1-dev libcap-dev libpulse-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libnss3-dev libasound2-dev libegl1-mesa-dev gperf bison nodejs编译 Qt
进入解压后的 qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2 目录开始配置
./configure -prefix /home/leo/Qt -opensource -confirm-license -nomake examples -release-prefix /home/leo/Qt: 指定 Qt 的安装路径-opensource: 指定使用开源版本-nomake examples: 不编译 examples-release: release 模式
这个步骤会检查相关的库是否存在若不存在则将缺少的安装。
安装完缺失的依赖库后记得先删除 config.cache 缓存文件。
或者使用脚本运行创建 run.sh 脚本
#! /bin/bash
./configure -prefix /home/leo/Qt/5 \
-opensource -confirm-license \
-nomake examples \
-nomake tests \
-release \
-skip qt3d \
-skip qtcharts \
-skip qtandroidextras \
-skip qtlocation \
-skip qtmultimedia \
-skip qtsensors \
-skip qtserialbus \
-skip qtserialport \
-skip qtwayland可以指定跳过编译哪些模块以加快编译速度
开始编译
make此过程示机器性能不同时长不同。
在编译过程中可能会遇到一些依赖问题需要根据实际情况进行解决。
当编译完成后即可安装了
make install输出信息
cd doc/src/cmake/ ( test -e Makefile || /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtbase/bin/qmake -o Makefile /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc/src/cmake/cmake.pro ) make -f Makefile install
make[2]: 进入目录“/data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc/src/cmake”
make[2]: 对“install”无需做任何事。
make[2]: 离开目录“/data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc/src/cmake”
cd doc/ ( test -e Makefile || /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtbase/bin/qmake -o Makefile /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc/doc.pro ) make -f Makefile install
make[2]: 进入目录“/data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc”
make[2]: 对“install”无需做任何事。
make[2]: 离开目录“/data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc/doc”
make[1]: 离开目录“/data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtdoc”会安装到 /home/leo/Qt 路径下安装完之后可查看结果。
编译 Qt Creator
编译 Qt Creator 则可使用 cmake 工具进行编译
cd qt-creator-opensource-src
cmake -B build -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPERelease -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH/home/leo/Qt -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator
cmake --build build --targetinstall输出信息
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/avddialog.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/avdmanageroutputparser.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/certificatesmodel.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/createandroidmanifestwizard.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/javaeditor.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/javaindenter.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/javalanguageserver.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/javaparser.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/splashscreencontainerwidget.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/splashscreenwidget.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object src/plugins/android/CMakeFiles/Android.dir/Android_autogen/EWIEGA46WW/qrc_android.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX shared library ../../../lib/qtcreator/plugins/libAutoTest.so
[100%] Built target AutoTest
[100%] Linking CXX shared library ../../../lib/qtcreator/plugins/libAndroid.so
[100%] Built target Android-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_hr.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_ja.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_pl.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_ru.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_sl.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_uk.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_zh_CN.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/qtcreator/translations/qtcreator_zh_TW.qm
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/applications
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/applications/org.qt-project.qtcreator.desktop
-- Installing: /home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/share/metainfo/org.qt-project.qtcreator.appdata.xml
看到以上信息则表示安装完成。
leoleo-PC:/data/home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/bin$ ./qtcreator
./qtcreator: relocation error: /data/home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/bin/../lib/qtcreator/libUtils.so.7: symbol _ZNK11QPushButton9hitButtonERK6QPoint version Qt_5 not defined in file libQt5Widgets.so.5 with link time reference
前往安装目录运行会提示以上错误。
配置 Qt 环境
leoleo-PC:~$ vim ~/.bashrc 在尾部加入以下内容
export QTDIR/home/leo/Qt/5.15.2
export PATH$QTDIR/bin:$PATH
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH$QTDIR/plugins/platforms
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH$QTDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH刷新qmake 测试
leoleo-PC:~$ source ~/.bashrc
leoleo-PC:~$ qmake -v
QMake version 3.1
Using Qt version 5.15.2 in /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/lib能看到输出的版本信息则说明配置成功。
错误解决 WARNING: gperf is required to build QWebEngine.解决方法
sudo apt-get install gperfWARNING: flex is required to build QWebEngine.解决方法
sudo apt-get install flexWARNING: bison is required to build QWebEngine.解决方法
sudo apt-get install bisonXCB Util 0.3.9... nohttps://www.x.org/releases/individual/xcb/ 下载大于 0.3.9 的版本我这里下载的是 xcb-util-0.4.1. tar. gz解压并进入文件夹
./configure
make
sudo make install再次执行 Qt 的 configure 命令可以看到变成了 Yes
编译错误处理 Package nss was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing nss.pc
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package nss found
Could not run pkg-config.解决方法
sudo apt install libnss3-devERROR at //build/config/linux/pkg_config.gni:103:17: Script returned non-zero exit code.pkgresult exec_script(pkg_config_script, args, value)^----------
Current dir: /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtwebengine/src/pdf/release/
Command: /usr/bin/python2 /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtwebengine/src/3rdparty/chromium/build/config/linux/pkg-config.py -p pkg-config dbus-1
Returned 1.
stderr:Package dbus-1 was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing dbus-1.pc
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package dbus-1 found
Could not run pkg-config.See //build/config/linux/dbus/BUILD.gn:12:1: whence it was called.
pkg_config(dbus) {
^-------------------
See //dbus/BUILD.gn:45:22: which caused the file to be included. public_configs [ //build/config/linux/dbus ]^--------------------------
Project ERROR: GN run error! 解决方法
sudo apt install libdbus-1-devERROR at //build/config/linux/pkg_config.gni:103:17: Script returned non-zero exit code.pkgresult exec_script(pkg_config_script, args, value)^----------
Current dir: /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtwebengine/src/pdf/release/
Command: /usr/bin/python2 /data/home/leo/Documents/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.2/qtwebengine/src/3rdparty/chromium/build/config/linux/pkg-config.py -p pkg-config xkbcommon
Returned 1.
stderr:Package xkbcommon was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing xkbcommon.pc
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package xkbcommon found
Could not run pkg-config.See //ui/events/keycodes/BUILD.gn:12:3: whence it was called.pkg_config(xkbcommon) {^------------------------
See //ui/events/ozone/layout/BUILD.gn:42:15: which caused the file to be included. deps [ //ui/events/keycodes:xkb ]^-------------------------
Project ERROR: GN run error! 解决方法
sudo apt install libxkbcommon-devFAILED: obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/jidctfst-neon.o
/usr/bin/gcc -MMD -MF obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/jidctfst-neon.o.d -DUSE_UDEV -DUSE_AURA1 -DUSE_NSS_CERTS1 -DUSE_OZONE1 -DOFFICIAL_BUILD -DTOOLKIT_QT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS64 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -DNO_UNWIND_TABLES -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS -DNDEBUG -DNVALGRIND -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED0 -I../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo -Igen -I../../3rdparty/chromium -fno-strict-aliasing --paramssp-buffer-size4 -fstack-protector -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fPIC -pipe -pthread -Wall -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE2 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs -Wno-maybe-uninitialized -Wno-deprecated-declarations -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -Wno-comments -Wno-packed-not-aligned -Wno-dangling-else -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-unused-parameter -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g0 -fvisibilityhidden -O3 -fno-ident -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -stdgnu11 -c ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c -o obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/jidctfst-neon.o
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c: In function ‘jsimd_idct_ifast_neon’:
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:87:28: error: incompatible types when initializing type ‘int64_t’ {aka ‘long int’} using type ‘int64x1_t’int64_t left_ac_bitmap vreinterpret_s64_s16(vget_low_s16(bitmap));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:88:29: error: incompatible types when initializing type ‘int64_t’ {aka ‘long int’} using type ‘int64x1_t’int64_t right_ac_bitmap vreinterpret_s64_s16(vget_high_s16(bitmap));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:408:29: note: use -flax-vector-conversions to permit conversions between vectors with differing element types or numbers of subpartsvaddq_s8(cols_01_s8, vdupq_n_u8(CENTERJSAMPLE)));^~~~~~~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:408:50: error: incompatible type for argument 2 of ‘vaddq_s8’vaddq_s8(cols_01_s8, vdupq_n_u8(CENTERJSAMPLE)));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:31:
/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/8/include/arm_neon.h:723:36: note: expected ‘int8x16_t’ but argument is of type ‘uint8x16_t’vaddq_s8 (int8x16_t __a, int8x16_t __b)~~~~~~~~~~^~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:410:50: error: incompatible type for argument 2 of ‘vaddq_s8’vaddq_s8(cols_45_s8, vdupq_n_u8(CENTERJSAMPLE)));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:31:
/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/8/include/arm_neon.h:723:36: note: expected ‘int8x16_t’ but argument is of type ‘uint8x16_t’vaddq_s8 (int8x16_t __a, int8x16_t __b)~~~~~~~~~~^~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:412:50: error: incompatible type for argument 2 of ‘vaddq_s8’vaddq_s8(cols_23_s8, vdupq_n_u8(CENTERJSAMPLE)));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:31:
/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/8/include/arm_neon.h:723:36: note: expected ‘int8x16_t’ but argument is of type ‘uint8x16_t’vaddq_s8 (int8x16_t __a, int8x16_t __b)~~~~~~~~~~^~~
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:414:50: error: incompatible type for argument 2 of ‘vaddq_s8’vaddq_s8(cols_67_s8, vdupq_n_u8(CENTERJSAMPLE)));^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jidctfst-neon.c:31:
/usr/lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/8/include/arm_neon.h:723:36: note: expected ‘int8x16_t’ but argument is of type ‘uint8x16_t’vaddq_s8 (int8x16_t __a, int8x16_t __b)~~~~~~~~~~^~~
[5/547] /usr/bin/gcc -MMD -MF obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/jdsample-neon.o.d -DUSE_UDEV -DUSE_AURA1 -DUSE_NSS_CERTS1 -DUSE_OZONE1 -DOFFICIAL_BUILD -DTOOLKIT_QT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS64 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -DNO_UNWIND_TABLES -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS -DNDEBUG -DNVALGRIND -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED0 -I../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo -Igen -I../../3rdparty/chromium -fno-strict-aliasing --paramssp-buffer-size4 -fstack-protector -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fPIC -pipe -pthread -Wall -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE2 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs -Wno-maybe-uninitialized -Wno-deprecated-declarations -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -Wno-comments -Wno-packed-not-aligned -Wno-dangling-else -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-unused-parameter -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g0 -fvisibilityhidden -O3 -fno-ident -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -stdgnu11 -c ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jdsample-neon.c -o obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/jdsample-neon.o
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jdsample-neon.c: In function ‘jsimd_h2v1_upsample_neon’:
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jdsample-neon.c:507:36: warning: missing braces around initializer [-Wmissing-braces]uint8x16x2_t output_pixels { samples, samples };^{ }
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jdsample-neon.c: In function ‘jsimd_h2v2_upsample_neon’:
../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/simd/arm/common/jdsample-neon.c:548:36: warning: missing braces around initializer [-Wmissing-braces]uint8x16x2_t output_pixels { samples, samples };^{ }
[6/547] /usr/bin/gcc -MMD -MF obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/libjpeg/jdcolor.o.d -DWITH_SIMD -DNO_GETENV -DUSE_UDEV -DUSE_AURA1 -DUSE_NSS_CERTS1 -DUSE_OZONE1 -DOFFICIAL_BUILD -DTOOLKIT_QT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS64 -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE -DNO_UNWIND_TABLES -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS -DNDEBUG -DNVALGRIND -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED0 -Igen -I../../3rdparty/chromium -I../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo -fno-strict-aliasing --paramssp-buffer-size4 -fstack-protector -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fPIC -pipe -pthread -Wall -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE2 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs -Wno-maybe-uninitialized -Wno-deprecated-declarations -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -Wno-comments -Wno-packed-not-aligned -Wno-dangling-else -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-unused-parameter -O2 -fno-ident -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g0 -fvisibilityhidden -stdgnu11 -c ../../3rdparty/chromium/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/jdcolor.c -o obj/third_party/libjpeg_turbo/libjpeg/jdcolor.o
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
解决方法 这个错误是由于 QWebengine 模块的 chromium 包含的 third_party 里第三方库 libjpeg_turbo 在 ARM 下的兼容问题可以逐个对比 GitHub 的代码修改错误也可以尝试将最新的 libjpeg_turbo 源文件覆盖。 leoleo-PC:/data/home/leo/Qt/Tool/QtCreator/bin$ ./qtcreator
qt.qpa.plugin: Could not find the Qt platform plugin xcb in /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms
This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.Available platform plugins are: linuxfb (from /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms), minimal (from /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms), offscreen (from /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms), vnc (from /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms), webgl (from /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms), linuxfb, minimal, offscreen, vnc, webgl.已放弃查看 /home/leo/Qt/5.15.2/plugins/platforms 安装目录下是否有 libqxcb.so 库如果没有则说明源码编译不完整。
需要安装 xcb 相关的库
sudo apt-get install ^libxcb.*-dev libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev libxi-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev然后重新编译尝试。
总结
以上便是在 ARM 架构平台的 Linux 系统上编译 Qt 整个过程在编译过程中需要特别注意的便是依赖库的完整性如果缺失一些依赖库Qt 并不会直接报错编译之后才发现缺失依赖库有的组件用不了。尤其是 libqxcb.so 库最开始编译的时候没用生成它导致程序无法启动。
所以要特别留意 ./configure 那一步Qt 会检测相关的环境及依赖库。 Building Qt 5 from Git https://doc.qt.io/qt-6/linux-requirements.html https://doc.qt.io/qt-5.15/linux-building.html https://blog.csdn.net/luoyayun361/article/details/118395262 https://github.com/libjpeg-turbo/libjpeg-turbo/issues/547 https://blog.csdn.net/console_log/article/details/122881398
