信息发布网站有哪些,建站优化系统,wordpress 嵌套,wordpress 编辑php.ini开发一个HTTP模块 HTTP模块的数据结构ngx_module_t模块的数据结构ngx_http_module_t数据结构ngx_command_s 数据结构 定义一个HTTP模块处理用户请求返回值获取URI和参数方法名URIURL协议版本 获取HTTP头获取HTTP包体 发送响应发送HTTP头发送内存中的字符串作为包体返回一个Hell… 开发一个HTTP模块 HTTP模块的数据结构ngx_module_t模块的数据结构ngx_http_module_t数据结构ngx_command_s 数据结构 定义一个HTTP模块处理用户请求返回值获取URI和参数方法名URIURL协议版本 获取HTTP头获取HTTP包体 发送响应发送HTTP头发送内存中的字符串作为包体返回一个Hello world 磁盘文件作为包体发送 HTTP模块的数据结构
ngx_module_t模块的数据结构
// core.ngx_core.h
typedef struct ngx_module_s ngx_module_t;// core.ngx_module.h
struct ngx_module_s {/* 表示当前模块在这个模块中的序号* 既表示模块的优先级也表明模块的位置* 借以帮助Nginx框架快速获得某个模块的数据*/ngx_uint_t ctx_index;/** 表示当前模块在ngx_modules数组中的序号* ctx_index表示当前模块在一类模块中的序号* index是在所有模块中的序号*/ngx_uint_t index;// 模块名称char *name;// spare系列的保留变量ngx_uint_t spare0;ngx_uint_t spare1;// 模块的版本号ngx_uint_t version;const char *signature; ///** 用于指向一类模块的上下文结构体* Nginx模块有很多种类的模块不同模块之间功能差距很大* 事件类型的模块主要处理IO事件HTTP类型模块主要处理HTTP应用层的功能* ctx指向特定类型模块的公共接口例如HTTP模块中指向ngx_http_module_t*/void *ctx;ngx_command_t *commands;// 将处理nginx.conf中的配置项/** 模块的类型有5种* NGX_HTTP_MODULE,NGX_CORE_MODULE,NGX_CONF_MODULE,NGX_EVENT_MODULE,NGX_MALL_MODULE* 实际上可以自己定义类型* */ngx_uint_t type;/** 如下7个函数指针表示有7个执行点会分别调用这7个方法对于任何一个方法* 如果不需要Nginx在某个时刻执行它那么可以简单的设置为NULL空指针即可* */// 当master进程启动时进行回调init_master但是目前为止框架代码从来不会调用设置为NULLngx_int_t (*init_master)(ngx_log_t *log);// init_module初始化所有模块时被调用在master/worker模式下这个阶段将在启动worker子进程前完成ngx_int_t (*init_module)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);// 在正常服务前被调用在master/worker模式下多个worker子进程已经产生在每个worker进程的初始化过程会调用所有模块的init_processngx_int_t (*init_process)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);// Nginx不支持多线程模式所以init_thread在框架代码中没有被调用过设置为NULLngx_int_t (*init_thread)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);// exit_thread也不支持设置为NULLvoid (*exit_thread)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);// 在服务停止前调用master/worker模式下worker进程会在退出前调用它void (*exit_process)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);// 在master进程退出前被调用void (*exit_master)(ngx_cycle_t *cycle);/** 以下8个变量也是保留字段目前没有使用但可用Nginx提供的NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING宏来填充* */uintptr_t spare_hook0;uintptr_t spare_hook1;uintptr_t spare_hook2;uintptr_t spare_hook3;uintptr_t spare_hook4;uintptr_t spare_hook5;uintptr_t spare_hook6;uintptr_t spare_hook7;
};当定义HTTP模块时type设置为NGX_HTTP_MODULE对于回调方法init_moduleinit_processexit_processexit_master调用它们的是Nginx代码和HTTP框架无关即使nginx.conf中没有定义http{…}这种开启HTTP功能的配置项这些毁掉方法仍然会被调用。因此通常开发HTTP模块时会都设为NULL当不作为Web服务器使用时不会执行HTTP模块的任何代码。
定义HTTP模块时最终要的是设置ctx和commands两个成员对于HTTP类型的模块来说ctx指向的是ngx_http_module_t接口。
ngx_http_module_t数据结构
// http.ngx_http_config.h
typedef struct {// 解析配置文件前被调用ngx_int_t (*preconfiguration)(ngx_conf_t *cf);// 完成配置文件的解析后调用ngx_int_t (*postconfiguration)(ngx_conf_t *cf);//当需要创建数据结构用于存储main级别的全局配置项时可以通过create_main_conf回调方法创建存储全局配置项的结构体void *(*create_main_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf);// 常用与初始化main级别配置项char *(*init_main_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *conf);// 当需要创建数据结构用于存储srv级别的配置项时可以通过create_srv_conf回调方法创建存储srv级别配置项的结构体void *(*create_srv_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf);// 合并main级别和srv级别的同名配置项char *(*merge_srv_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *prev, void *conf);// 当需要创建结构体用于存储loc级别的配置项时可以实现create_loc_conf回调方法void *(*create_loc_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf);// 合并srv级别和loc级别下的同名配置项char *(*merge_loc_conf)(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *prev, void *conf);
} ngx_http_module_t;上述八个阶段的调用顺序与定义顺序不同Nginx启动过程中HTTP框架调用这些回调方法的实际顺序有可能是与nginx.conf配置项有关 1create_main_conf 2create_srv_conf 3create_loc_conf 4preconfiguration 5init_main_conf 6merge_srv_conf 7merge_loc_conf 8postconfiguration
commands数组用于定义模块的配置文件参数每个数组元素都是ngx_command_t类型数组的结尾用ngx_null_command表示Nginx在解析配置文件中的一个配置项时首先会编译所有的模块对于每一个模块而言即通过遍历commands数组进行在数组中检查到ngx_null_command时会停止使用当前模块解析该配置项
ngx_command_s 数据结构
// core.ngx_core.h
typedef struct ngx_command_s ngx_command_t;// core.ngx_conf_file.h
struct ngx_command_s {ngx_str_t name;// 配置项名称列入gzipngx_uint_t type;// 配置项类型指定可以出现的位置例如serverlocation中以及它可以携带的参数个数// 出现了name中指定的配置项后将会调用set方法处理配置项的参数char *(*set)(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);// 在配置文件中的偏移量ngx_uint_t conf;// 通常用于预设的解析方法解析配置项ngx_uint_t offset;// 配置项读取后的处理方法必须是ngx_conf_post_t结构体指针void *post;
};#define ngx_null_command { ngx_null_string, 0, NULL, 0, 0, NULL }定义一个HTTP模块
// http.modules.ngx_http_mytest_module.c
#include ngx_config.h
#include ngx_core.h
#include ngx_http.hstatic char *ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);static ngx_command_t ngx_http_mytest_commands[] {{ngx_string(mytest),NGX_HTTP_MAIN_CONF | NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_HTTP_LMT_CONF | NGX_CONF_NOARGS,ngx_http_mytest,NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,0,NULL},ngx_null_command
};
static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx {NULL, /* preconfiguration */NULL, /* postconfiguration */NULL, /* create main configuration */NULL, /* init main configuration */NULL, /* create server configuration */NULL, /* merge server configuration */NULL, /* create location configuration */NULL /* merge location configuration */
};ngx_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module {NGX_MODULE_V1,ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx, /* module context */ngx_http_mytest_commands, /* module directives */NGX_HTTP_MODULE, /* module type */NULL, /* init master */NULL, /* init module */NULL, /* init process */NULL, /* init thread */NULL, /* exit thread */NULL, /* exit process */NULL, /* exit master */NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING
};static char *ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf) {ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t *clcf;clcf ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module);clcf-handler ngx_http_mytest_handler;return NGX_CONF_OK;
}
处理用户请求
// http.ngx_http_core_module.h
typedef struct ngx_http_core_loc_conf_s ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t;
struct ngx_http_core_loc_conf_s {ngx_str_t name; /* location name */ngx_str_t escaped_name;#if (NGX_PCRE)ngx_http_regex_t *regex;
#endifunsigned noname:1; /* if () {} block or limit_except */unsigned lmt_excpt:1;unsigned named:1;unsigned exact_match:1;unsigned noregex:1;unsigned auto_redirect:1;
#if (NGX_HTTP_GZIP)unsigned gzip_disable_msie6:2;unsigned gzip_disable_degradation:2;
#endifngx_http_location_tree_node_t *static_locations;
#if (NGX_PCRE)ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t **regex_locations;
#endif/* pointer to the modules loc_conf */void **loc_conf;uint32_t limit_except;void **limit_except_loc_conf;ngx_http_handler_pt handler;/* location name length for inclusive location with inherited alias */size_t alias;ngx_str_t root; /* root, alias */ngx_str_t post_action;ngx_array_t *root_lengths;ngx_array_t *root_values;ngx_array_t *types;ngx_hash_t types_hash;ngx_str_t default_type;off_t client_max_body_size; /* client_max_body_size */off_t directio; /* directio */off_t directio_alignment; /* directio_alignment */size_t client_body_buffer_size; /* client_body_buffer_size */size_t send_lowat; /* send_lowat */size_t postpone_output; /* postpone_output */size_t sendfile_max_chunk; /* sendfile_max_chunk */size_t read_ahead; /* read_ahead */size_t subrequest_output_buffer_size;/* subrequest_output_buffer_size */ngx_http_complex_value_t *limit_rate; /* limit_rate */ngx_http_complex_value_t *limit_rate_after; /* limit_rate_after */ngx_msec_t client_body_timeout; /* client_body_timeout */ngx_msec_t send_timeout; /* send_timeout */ngx_msec_t keepalive_time; /* keepalive_time */ngx_msec_t keepalive_timeout; /* keepalive_timeout */ngx_msec_t lingering_time; /* lingering_time */ngx_msec_t lingering_timeout; /* lingering_timeout */ngx_msec_t resolver_timeout; /* resolver_timeout */ngx_msec_t auth_delay; /* auth_delay */ngx_resolver_t *resolver; /* resolver */time_t keepalive_header; /* keepalive_timeout */ngx_uint_t keepalive_requests; /* keepalive_requests */ngx_uint_t keepalive_disable; /* keepalive_disable */ngx_uint_t satisfy; /* satisfy */ngx_uint_t lingering_close; /* lingering_close */ngx_uint_t if_modified_since; /* if_modified_since */ngx_uint_t max_ranges; /* max_ranges */ngx_uint_t client_body_in_file_only; /* client_body_in_file_only */ngx_flag_t client_body_in_single_buffer;/* client_body_in_singe_buffer */ngx_flag_t internal; /* internal */ngx_flag_t sendfile; /* sendfile */ngx_flag_t aio; /* aio */ngx_flag_t aio_write; /* aio_write */ngx_flag_t tcp_nopush; /* tcp_nopush */ngx_flag_t tcp_nodelay; /* tcp_nodelay */ngx_flag_t reset_timedout_connection; /* reset_timedout_connection */ngx_flag_t absolute_redirect; /* absolute_redirect */ngx_flag_t server_name_in_redirect; /* server_name_in_redirect */ngx_flag_t port_in_redirect; /* port_in_redirect */ngx_flag_t msie_padding; /* msie_padding */ngx_flag_t msie_refresh; /* msie_refresh */ngx_flag_t log_not_found; /* log_not_found */ngx_flag_t log_subrequest; /* log_subrequest */ngx_flag_t recursive_error_pages; /* recursive_error_pages */ngx_uint_t server_tokens; /* server_tokens */ngx_flag_t chunked_transfer_encoding; /* chunked_transfer_encoding */ngx_flag_t etag; /* etag */#if (NGX_HTTP_GZIP)ngx_flag_t gzip_vary; /* gzip_vary */ngx_uint_t gzip_http_version; /* gzip_http_version */ngx_uint_t gzip_proxied; /* gzip_proxied */#if (NGX_PCRE)ngx_array_t *gzip_disable; /* gzip_disable */
#endif
#endif#if (NGX_THREADS || NGX_COMPAT)ngx_thread_pool_t *thread_pool;ngx_http_complex_value_t *thread_pool_value;
#endif#if (NGX_HAVE_OPENAT)ngx_uint_t disable_symlinks; /* disable_symlinks */ngx_http_complex_value_t *disable_symlinks_from;
#endifngx_array_t *error_pages; /* error_page */ngx_path_t *client_body_temp_path; /* client_body_temp_path */ngx_open_file_cache_t *open_file_cache;time_t open_file_cache_valid;ngx_uint_t open_file_cache_min_uses;ngx_flag_t open_file_cache_errors;ngx_flag_t open_file_cache_events;ngx_log_t *error_log;ngx_uint_t types_hash_max_size;ngx_uint_t types_hash_bucket_size;ngx_queue_t *locations;#if 0ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t *prev_location;
#endif
};typedef ngx_int_t (*ngx_http_handler_pt)(ngx_http_request_t *r);返回值
// http.ngx_http_request.h#define NGX_HTTP_CONTINUE 100
#define NGX_HTTP_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS 101
#define NGX_HTTP_PROCESSING 102#define NGX_HTTP_OK 200
#define NGX_HTTP_CREATED 201
#define NGX_HTTP_ACCEPTED 202
#define NGX_HTTP_NO_CONTENT 204
#define NGX_HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT 206#define NGX_HTTP_SPECIAL_RESPONSE 300
#define NGX_HTTP_MOVED_PERMANENTLY 301
#define NGX_HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY 302
#define NGX_HTTP_SEE_OTHER 303
#define NGX_HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED 304
#define NGX_HTTP_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT 307
#define NGX_HTTP_PERMANENT_REDIRECT 308#define NGX_HTTP_BAD_REQUEST 400
#define NGX_HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED 401
#define NGX_HTTP_FORBIDDEN 403
#define NGX_HTTP_NOT_FOUND 404
#define NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED 405
#define NGX_HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT 408
#define NGX_HTTP_CONFLICT 409
#define NGX_HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED 411
#define NGX_HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED 412
#define NGX_HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE 413
#define NGX_HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE 414
#define NGX_HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE 415
#define NGX_HTTP_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE 416
#define NGX_HTTP_MISDIRECTED_REQUEST 421
#define NGX_HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS 429/* Our own HTTP codes *//* The special code to close connection without any response */
#define NGX_HTTP_CLOSE 444#define NGX_HTTP_NGINX_CODES 494#define NGX_HTTP_REQUEST_HEADER_TOO_LARGE 494#define NGX_HTTPS_CERT_ERROR 495
#define NGX_HTTPS_NO_CERT 496/** We use the special code for the plain HTTP requests that are sent to* HTTPS port to distinguish it from 4XX in an error page redirection*/
#define NGX_HTTP_TO_HTTPS 497/* 498 is the canceled code for the requests with invalid host name *//** HTTP does not define the code for the case when a client closed* the connection while we are processing its request so we introduce* own code to log such situation when a client has closed the connection* before we even try to send the HTTP header to it*/
#define NGX_HTTP_CLIENT_CLOSED_REQUEST 499#define NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR 500
#define NGX_HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED 501
#define NGX_HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY 502
#define NGX_HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE 503
#define NGX_HTTP_GATEWAY_TIME_OUT 504
#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED 505
#define NGX_HTTP_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE 507
以上返回值除了RFC2616规范中定义的返回码外还有Nginx自身定义的HTTP返回码例如NGX_HTTP_CLOSE就是用于要求HTTP框架直接关闭用户连接的
Nginx全局定义的错误码
// core.ngx_core.h
#define NGX_OK 0
#define NGX_ERROR -1
#define NGX_AGAIN -2
#define NGX_BUSY -3
#define NGX_DONE -4
#define NGX_DECLINED -5
#define NGX_ABORT -6当最后调用ngx_http_output_filter向用户发送响应包时可以将ngx_http_output_filter的返回值作为ngx_http_mytest_handler方法的返回值使用。
获取URI和参数
// http.ngx_http.h
typedef struct ngx_http_request_s ngx_http_request_t;// http.ngx_http_request.hstruct ngx_http_request_s {...ngx_uint_t method;ngx_uint_t http_version;ngx_str_t request_line;ngx_str_t uri;ngx_str_t args;ngx_str_t exten;ngx_str_t unparsed_uri;ngx_str_t method_name;ngx_str_t http_protocol;ngx_str_t schema;...u_char *uri_start;u_char *uri_end;u_char *uri_ext;u_char *args_start;u_char *request_start;u_char *request_end;u_char *method_end;u_char *schema_start;u_char *schema_end;...
}方法名
// http.ngx_http_request.h
ngx_uint_t method;// http.ngx_http_request.h
#define NGX_HTTP_UNKNOWN 0x00000001
#define NGX_HTTP_GET 0x00000002
#define NGX_HTTP_HEAD 0x00000004
#define NGX_HTTP_POST 0x00000008
#define NGX_HTTP_PUT 0x00000010
#define NGX_HTTP_DELETE 0x00000020
#define NGX_HTTP_MKCOL 0x00000040
#define NGX_HTTP_COPY 0x00000080
#define NGX_HTTP_MOVE 0x00000100
#define NGX_HTTP_OPTIONS 0x00000200
#define NGX_HTTP_PROPFIND 0x00000400
#define NGX_HTTP_PROPPATCH 0x00000800
#define NGX_HTTP_LOCK 0x00001000
#define NGX_HTTP_UNLOCK 0x00002000
#define NGX_HTTP_PATCH 0x00004000
#define NGX_HTTP_TRACE 0x00008000
#define NGX_HTTP_CONNECT 0x00010000获取方法的方式
method为上述定义的宏直接比较如果使用method_name成员与字符串比较效率会差很多如果需要获取方法名可以使用method_name与可以联合request_start与method_end指针获取
URI ngx_str_t uri;ngx_str_t unparsed_uri;u_char *uri_start;u_char *uri_end;u_char *uri_ext;
uri表示请求中的URIuri_start和uri_end也是可以获取到。 exten成员变量指向用户请求的文件扩展名。
unparsed_uri表示没有进行URL解码的原始请求。例如uri为/a b时unparsed_uri为/a%20b
URL
args指向用户请求中的URL参数。同理args_start和uri_end也可以获取URL
协议版本
http_protocol的data成员指向用户请求中的HTTP协议版本字符串len成员为协议版本字符串长度
http_version是Nginx解析过的协议版本
ngx_uint_t http_version;#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_9 9
#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_10 1000
#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_11 1001
#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_20 2000
#define NGX_HTTP_VERSION_30 3000
建议使用http_version分析HTTP协议版本。
使用request_start和request_end获取原始的用户请求行
获取HTTP头 struct ngx_http_request_s {...ngx_buf_t *header_in;ngx_http_headers_in_t headers_in;...
}
header_in指向Nginx收到的未经解析的HTTP头部这里暂不关注header_in是接受HTTP头部的缓冲区ngx_http_headers_in_t类型的headers_in是存储已经解析过的HTTP头部。
// http.ngx_http_request.h
typedef struct {//所有解析过的HTTP头部都在headers链表中ngx_list_t headers;// 每个ngx_table_elt_t成员都是RFC2616规范定义的HTTP头部// 它们实际上指向headers链表中相应成员当为NULL时表示没有解析到相应的HTTP头部ngx_table_elt_t *host;ngx_table_elt_t *connection;ngx_table_elt_t *if_modified_since;ngx_table_elt_t *if_unmodified_since;ngx_table_elt_t *if_match;ngx_table_elt_t *if_none_match;ngx_table_elt_t *user_agent;ngx_table_elt_t *referer;ngx_table_elt_t *content_length;ngx_table_elt_t *content_range;ngx_table_elt_t *content_type;ngx_table_elt_t *range;ngx_table_elt_t *if_range;ngx_table_elt_t *transfer_encoding;ngx_table_elt_t *te;ngx_table_elt_t *expect;ngx_table_elt_t *upgrade;#if (NGX_HTTP_GZIP || NGX_HTTP_HEADERS)ngx_table_elt_t *accept_encoding;ngx_table_elt_t *via;
#endifngx_table_elt_t *authorization;ngx_table_elt_t *keep_alive;#if (NGX_HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR)ngx_table_elt_t *x_forwarded_for;
#endif#if (NGX_HTTP_REALIP)ngx_table_elt_t *x_real_ip;
#endif#if (NGX_HTTP_HEADERS)ngx_table_elt_t *accept;ngx_table_elt_t *accept_language;
#endif#if (NGX_HTTP_DAV)ngx_table_elt_t *depth;ngx_table_elt_t *destination;ngx_table_elt_t *overwrite;ngx_table_elt_t *date;
#endifngx_table_elt_t *cookie;// 只有ngx_http_auth_basic_module才会用到的成员ngx_str_t user;ngx_str_t passwd;// server名称ngx_str_t server;// 计算出的HTTP包体大小ngx_table_elt_t * content_lengthoff_t content_length_n;time_t keep_alive_n;// HTTP连接类型取值范围是0,// #define NGX_HTTP_CONNECTION_CLOSE 1//#define NGX_HTTP_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE 2unsigned connection_type:2;unsigned chunked:1;unsigned multi:1;unsigned multi_linked:1;// 以下7个标志位是 HTTP框架根据浏览器传来的useragent头部可以判断浏览器的类型只为1表示相应的浏览器发来的请求unsigned msie:1;unsigned msie6:1;unsigned opera:1;unsigned gecko:1;unsigned chrome:1;unsigned safari:1;unsigned konqueror:1;
} ngx_http_headers_in_t;
例如对于不常见的HTTP请求头如何寻找只能通过遍历headers_in.headers
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r) {...ngx_list_part_t *part r-header_in.headers.part;ngx_table_elt_t *header part-elts;for (i 0;; i) {if (i part-nelts) {if (part-next NULL) {break;}part part-next;header part-elts;i 0;}if (header[i].hash 0){continue;}if (0 ngx_strncasecmp(header[i].key.data,(u_char*) Rpc-Description,header[i].key.len)){if (0 ngx_strncmp(header[i].value.data,uploadFile,header[i].value.len)){// 找到了正确的头继续向下执行}}}...
}
获取HTTP包体
HTTP包体的长度有可能非常大如果尝试一次性调用并读取完所有的包体那么多半阻塞nginx进程HTTP框架提供一种异步接收包体方法
ngx_int_t ngx_http_read_client_request_body(ngx_http_request_t *r,ngx_http_client_body_handler_pt post_handler);这是一个异步方法调用只能说明要求Nginx开始接受请求的包体并不表示是否已经接受完当接收完所有的包体内容后post_handler指向的回调方法会被回调。
发送响应
响应包含响应行响应头部包体三部分。
发送HTTP头
ngx_int_t ngx_http_send_header(ngx_http_request_t *r)struct ngx_http_request_s {ngx_http_headers_out_t headers_out;
}typedef struct {ngx_list_t headers;ngx_list_t trailers;ngx_uint_t status;ngx_str_t status_line;ngx_table_elt_t *server;ngx_table_elt_t *date;ngx_table_elt_t *content_length;ngx_table_elt_t *content_encoding;ngx_table_elt_t *location;ngx_table_elt_t *refresh;ngx_table_elt_t *last_modified;ngx_table_elt_t *content_range;ngx_table_elt_t *accept_ranges;ngx_table_elt_t *www_authenticate;ngx_table_elt_t *expires;ngx_table_elt_t *etag;ngx_table_elt_t *cache_control;ngx_table_elt_t *link;ngx_str_t *override_charset;size_t content_type_len;ngx_str_t content_type;ngx_str_t charset;u_char *content_type_lowcase;ngx_uint_t content_type_hash;off_t content_length_n;off_t content_offset;time_t date_time;time_t last_modified_time;
} ngx_http_headers_out_t;添加请求头 ngx_table_elt_t h ngx_list_push(r-headers_out.headers);if (h NULL){return NGX_ERROR}h.hash 1;h.key.len sizeof(TestHeader) - 1;h.key.data (u_char *) TestHeader;h.value.len sizeof(TestValue) - 1;h.value.data (u_char *) TestValue ;
发送内存中的字符串作为包体
ngx_int_t ngx_http_output_filter(ngx_http_request_t *r, ngx_chain_t *in)向客户端发送HTTP响应包体 ngx_buf_t *b ngx_pcalloc(r-pool, sizeof(ngx_buf_t));b-start (u_char*)ngx_pcalloc(r-pool,128);b-pos b-start;b-last b-start;b-end b-last 128;b-temporary 1;// 等同于如下ngx_buf_t *b ngx_create_temp_buf(r-pool,128) 返回一个Hello world
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r) {// 必须为GET或者HEAD否则返回405if (!(r-method (NGX_HTTP_GET | NGX_HTTP_HEAD))){return NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED;}// 丢弃请求中的包体ngx_int_t rc ngx_http_discard_request_body(r);if (rc ! NGX_OK){return rc;}// 设置返回类型ngx_str_t type ngx_string(text/plain);// 设置返回体ngx_str_t response ngx_string(Hello World!);// 设置响应码r-headers_out.status NGX_HTTP_OK;// 设置响应体大小r-headers_out.content_length_n response.len;// 设置类型r-headers_out.content_type type;// 发送HTTP头部rc ngx_http_send_header(r);if (rc NGX_ERROR || rc NGX_OK || r-header_only){return rc;}// 构造ngx_buf_t结构体发送包体ngx_buf_t *b;b ngx_create_temp_buf(r-pool,response.len);if (b NULL){return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;}// 将hello world复制到ngx_buf_t指向的内存中ngx_memcpy(b-pos,response.data,response.len);// 注意设置好last指针b-last b-pos response.len;// 声明这是最后一块缓冲区b-last_buf 1;// 构造发送时的ngx_chain_t结构体ngx_chain_t out;out.buf b;out.next NULL;// 发送包体return ngx_http_output_filter(r,out);
}磁盘文件作为包体发送
设置ngx_buf_t的in_file为1表示缓冲区是文件不是内存。file为ngx_file_t结构如下 struct ngx_file_s {ngx_fd_t fd;// 文件句柄描述符ngx_str_t name;// 文件名称ngx_file_info_t info;// 文件大小等基本信息就是Linux系统定义的stat结构off_t offset;// 表示处理到文件何处了off_t sys_offset;// 当前文件系统偏移量ngx_log_t *log;// 日志对象相关的日志会输出到log指定的日志文件中#if (NGX_THREADS || NGX_COMPAT)ngx_int_t (*thread_handler)(ngx_thread_task_t *task,ngx_file_t *file);void *thread_ctx;ngx_thread_task_t *thread_task;
#endif#if (NGX_HAVE_FILE_AIO || NGX_COMPAT)ngx_event_aio_t *aio;
#endifunsigned valid_info:1;unsigned directio:1;// 在发送大文件时可以设置为1
};
