网站后台找不到了怎么办,学网站开发,广告推广免费,wordpress 技术分享主题本文介绍Oracle收缩数据文件的相关操作#xff0c;运维工作中有时会需要通过收缩数据文件来释放磁盘空间。 数据文件初始化方式#xff1a; 1.我们创建表空间一般有两种方式初始化其数据文件#xff0c;即指定初始大小为32G#xff08;很大的值#xff09;或指定初始大小为…本文介绍Oracle收缩数据文件的相关操作运维工作中有时会需要通过收缩数据文件来释放磁盘空间。 数据文件初始化方式 1.我们创建表空间一般有两种方式初始化其数据文件即指定初始大小为32G很大的值或指定初始大小为100M很小的值然后通过自动扩展方式慢慢按需增长。 2.第一种初始数据文件方法坏处就是开始不管你用不用到那么大都会占用这么大的磁盘空间这种数据迁移的时候可以使用。第二种初始化方法按需增长比较好的监控实际使用磁盘空间所以推荐初始值很小使用自动扩展慢慢增长的方式。 一、查看表空间使用情况
1.查询除temp外表空间使用情况
SELECT a.tablespace_name tb_name,total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) tb_sizeG),free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) tb_free_size(G),(total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) tb_used_size(G),round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 tb_usage %FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) freeFROM dba_free_spaceGROUP BY tablespace_name) a,(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) totalFROM dba_data_filesGROUP BY tablespace_name) bWHERE a.tablespace_name b.tablespace_name;或
select a.tablespace_name tnm,b.FILE_PATH,--b.autoextensible,b.cnt,trunc(a.bytes/1024/1024/1024) total_G,trunc(a.bytes/1024/1024/1024/b.cnt) avg_G,trunc(c.bytes/1024/1024/1024) free_G,trunc((a.bytes-c.bytes)*100/a.bytes,2) used--,(c.bytes*100)/a.bytes % FREEfrom SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C,(select tablespace_name,substr(file_name,1,instr(file_name,/,2)) FILE_PATH, --f.autoextensible,count(*) cnt from dba_data_files f group by
tablespace_name,substr(file_name,1,instr(file_name,/,2))--,autoextensible) bWHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAMEC.TABLESPACE_NAME()AND A.TABLESPACE_NAMEB.TABLESPACE_NAME-- AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME IN (select distinct tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces)order by avg_g desc;2.查询包含temp在内的所有表空间使用情况
SELECT *FROM (SELECT a.tablespace_name,to_char(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 999,999,999) || M total_bytes,to_char(b.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 999,999,999) || M free_bytes,to_char(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024 - b.bytes / 1024 / 1024,999,999,999) || M use_bytes,to_char((1 - b.bytes / a.bytes) * 100, 990.99) || % USEFROM (SELECT tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytesFROM dba_data_filesGROUP BY tablespace_name) a,(SELECT tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytesFROM dba_free_spaceGROUP BY tablespace_name) bWHERE a.tablespace_name b.tablespace_nameUNION ALLSELECT c.tablespace_name,to_char(c.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 999,999,999) || M total_bytes,to_char((c.bytes - d.bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024, 999,999,999) || M free_bytes,to_char(d.bytes_used / 1024 / 1024, 999,999,999) || M use_bytes,to_char(d.bytes_used * 100 / c.bytes, 990.99) || % USEFROM (SELECT tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytesFROM dba_temp_filesGROUP BY tablespace_name) c,(SELECT tablespace_name, sum(bytes_cached) bytes_usedFROM v$temp_extent_poolGROUP BY tablespace_name) dWHERE c.tablespace_name d.tablespace_name);
或
select d.tablespace_name,decode(d.status, ONLINE, OLN, READ ONLY, R/O, d.status) status,d.extent_management,decode(d.allocation_type, USER, , d.allocation_type) allocation_type,(casewhen initial_extent 1048576 thenlpad(round(initial_extent / 1024, 0), 3) || Kelselpad(round(initial_extent / 1024 / 1024, 0), 3) || Mend) Ext_Size,NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) MB,NVL(f.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) free,(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) - NVL(f.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0)) used,NVL(l.large / 1024 / 1024, 0) largest,d.MAX_EXTENTS,lpad(round((f.bytes / a.bytes) * 100, 0), 3) pfree,(casewhen round(f.bytes / a.bytes * 100, 0) 20 then else*end) alrtFROM sys.dba_tablespaces d,(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytesFROM dba_data_filesGROUP BY tablespace_name) a,(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytesFROM dba_free_spaceGROUP BY tablespace_name) f,(SELECT tablespace_name, MAX(bytes) largeFROM dba_free_spaceGROUP BY tablespace_name) lWHERE d.tablespace_name a.tablespace_name()AND d.tablespace_name f.tablespace_name()AND d.tablespace_name l.tablespace_name()AND NOT(d.extent_management LIKE LOCAL AND d.contents LIKE TEMPORARY)
UNION ALL
select d.tablespace_name,decode(d.status, ONLINE, OLN, READ ONLY, R/O, d.status) status,d.extent_management,decode(d.allocation_type,UNIFORM,U,SYSTEM,A,USER,,d.allocation_type) allocation_type,(casewhen initial_extent 1048576 thenlpad(round(initial_extent / 1024, 0), 3) || Kelselpad(round(initial_extent / 1024 / 1024, 0), 3) || Mend) Ext_Size,NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) MB,(NVL(a.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) - NVL(t.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0)) free,NVL(t.bytes / 1024 / 1024, 0) used,NVL(l.large / 1024 / 1024, 0) largest,d.MAX_EXTENTS,lpad(round(nvl(((a.bytes - t.bytes) / NVL(a.bytes, 0)) * 100, 100),0),3) pfree,(casewhen nvl(round(((a.bytes - t.bytes) / NVL(a.bytes, 0)) * 100, 0),100) 20 then else*end) alrtFROM sys.dba_tablespaces d,(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) bytesFROM dba_temp_filesGROUP BY tablespace_nameorder by tablespace_name) a,(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes_used) bytesFROM v$temp_extent_poolGROUP BY tablespace_name) t,(SELECT tablespace_name, MAX(bytes_cached) largeFROM v$temp_extent_poolGROUP BY tablespace_nameorder by tablespace_name) lWHERE d.tablespace_name a.tablespace_name()AND d.tablespace_name t.tablespace_name()AND d.tablespace_name l.tablespace_name()AND d.extent_management LIKE LOCALAND d.contents LIKE TEMPORARYORDER by 1二、收缩数据文件
如果通过上述SQL查询出表空间的使用率较低剩余空间较大此时我们可以考虑通过收缩数据文件来释放空闲空间。
1.使用 resize check脚本生成执行SQL
可先通过如下脚本查询有哪些数据文件可以释放该脚本成功执行后会提供可执行的语句直接复制便可执行已收缩数据文件。
REM Script is meant for Oracle version 9 and higher
REM -----------------------------------------------set serveroutput on
exec dbms_output.enable(1000000);declarecursor c_dbfile is
select f.tablespace_name,f.file_name,f.file_id,f.blocks,t.block_size
,decode(t.allocation_type,UNIFORM,t.initial_extent/t.block_size,0) uni_extent
,decode(t.allocation_type,UNIFORM,(128(t.initial_extent/t.block_size)),128) file_min_size
from dba_data_files f,
dba_tablespaces t
where f.tablespace_name t.tablespace_name
and t.status ONLINE
order by f.tablespace_name,f.file_id;cursor c_freespace(v_file_id in number) is
select block_id, block_idblocks max_block
from dba_free_space
where file_id v_file_id
order by block_id desc;/* variables to check settings/values */
dummy number;
checkval varchar2(10);
block_correction1 number;
block_correction2 number;/* running variable to show (possible) end-of-file */
file_min_block number;/* variables to check if recycle_bin is on and if extent as checked is in ... */
recycle_bin boolean:false;
extent_in_recycle_bin boolean;/* exception handler needed for non-existing tables note:344940.1 */
sqlstr varchar2(100);
table_does_not_exist exception;
pragma exception_init(table_does_not_exist,-942);/* variable to spot space wastage in datafile of uniform tablespace */
space_wastage number;begin/* recyclebin is present in Oracle 10.2 and higher and might contain extent as checked */
begin
select value into checkval from v$parameter where name recyclebin;
if checkval on
then
recycle_bin : true;
end if;
exception
when no_data_found
then
recycle_bin : false;
end;/* main loop */
for c_file in c_dbfile
loop
/* initialization of loop variables */
dummy :0;
extent_in_recycle_bin : false;
file_min_block : c_file.blocks;beginspace_wastage:0; /* reset for every file check */check_freefor c_free in c_freespace(c_file.file_id)
loop
/* if blocks is an uneven value there is a need to correct
with -1 to compare with end-of-file which is even */
block_correction1 : (0-mod(c_free.max_block,2));
block_correction2 : (0-mod(c_file.blocks,2));
if file_min_blockblock_correction2 c_free.max_blockblock_correction1
then/* free extent is at end so file can be resized */
file_min_block : c_free.block_id;/* Uniform sized tablespace check if space at end of file
is less then uniform extent size */
elsif (c_file.uni_extent !0) and ((c_file.blocks - c_free.max_block) c_file.uni_extent)
then/* uniform tablespace which has a wastage of space in datafile
due to fact that space at end of file is smaller than uniform extent size */space_wastage:c_file.blocks - c_free.max_block;
file_min_block : c_free.block_id;else
/* no more free extent at end of file, file cannot be further resized */
exit check_free;
end if;
end loop;
end;/* check if file can be resized, minimal size of file 128 { initial_extent} blocks */
if (file_min_block c_file.blocks) or (c_file.blocks c_file.file_min_size)
thendbms_output.put_line(Tablespace: ||c_file.tablespace_name|| Datafile: ||c_file.file_name);
dbms_output.put_line(cannot be resized no free extents found);
dbms_output.put_line(Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized);
dbms_output.put_line(.);else/* file needs minimal no of blocks which does vary over versions,
using safe value of 128 { initial_extent} */
if file_min_block c_file.file_min_size
then
file_min_block : c_file.file_min_size;
end if;dbms_output.put_line(Tablespace: ||c_file.tablespace_name|| Datafile: ||c_file.file_name);
dbms_output.put_line(current size: ||(c_file.blocks*c_file.block_size)/1024||K|| can be resized to: ||round((file_min_block*c_file.block_size)/1024)||K (reduction of: ||round(((c_file.blocks-file_min_block)/c_file.blocks)*100,2)|| %));/* below is only true if recyclebin is on */
if recycle_bin
then
begin
sqlstr:select distinct 1 from recyclebin$ where file#||c_file.file_id;
execute immediate sqlstr into dummy;if dummy 0
thendbms_output.put_line(Extents found in recyclebin for above file/tablespace);
dbms_output.put_line(Implying that purge of recyclebin might be needed in order to resize);
dbms_output.put_line(SQL purge tablespace ||c_file.tablespace_name||;);
end if;
exception
when no_data_found
then null;
when table_does_not_exist
then null;
end;
end if;
dbms_output.put_line(SQL alter database datafile ||c_file.file_name|| resize ||round((file_min_block*c_file.block_size)/1024)||K;);if space_wastage!0
then
dbms_output.put_line(Datafile belongs to uniform sized tablespace and is not optimally sized.);
dbms_output.put_line(Size of datafile is not a multiple of NN*uniform_extent_size overhead);
dbms_output.put_line(Space that cannot be used (space wastage): ||round((space_wastage*c_file.block_size)/1024)||K);
dbms_output.put_line(For optimal usage of space in file either resize OR increase to: ||round(((c_file.blocks(c_file.uni_extent-space_wastage))*c_file.block_size)/1024)||K);
end if;dbms_output.put_line(.);end if;end loop;end;
/
比如执行结果如下
Tablespace: BLOBS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs01.dbf
current size: 33553408K can be resized to: 33548288K (reduction of: .02 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs01.dbf resize 33548288K;
.
Tablespace: BLOBS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs02.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: BLOBS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs03.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: INDX Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyindex01.dbf
current size: 33553408K can be resized to: 32640000K (reduction of: 2.72 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyindex01.dbf resize 32640000K;
.
Tablespace: INDX Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyindex02.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: SYSAUX Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux01.dbf
current size: 4741120K can be resized to: 4734976K (reduction of: .13 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux01.dbf resize 4734976K;
.
Tablespace: SYSAUX Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux02.dbf
current size: 4608000K can be resized to: 4250624K (reduction of: 7.76 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux02.dbf resize 4250624K;
.
Tablespace: SYSTEM Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysystem01.dbf
current size: 1843200K can be resized to: 790528K (reduction of: 57.11 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysystem01.dbf resize 790528K;
.
Tablespace: UNDOTBS1 Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyundotbs01.dbf
current size: 33553408K can be resized to: 2811904K (reduction of: 91.62 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyundotbs01.dbf resize 2811904K;
.
Tablespace: UNDOTBS1 Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyundotbs02.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: USERS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyusers01.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: USERS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyusers02.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: USERS Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyusers03.dbf
cannot be resized no free extents found
Note: for some cases, dba_free_spaces data is not accurate, and this script does not work for such cases. You may want to manually check if the datafile is feasible to be resized
.
Tablespace: WCAUDIT Datafile: /Data/STUDY/datafile/studywcaudit01.dbf
current size: 9832064K can be resized to: 9818112K (reduction of: .14 %)
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studywcaudit01.dbf resize 9818112K;
.PL/SQL procedure successfully completedSQL 可提炼出如下 SQL 用以收缩数据文件根据实际需求选择执行
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs01.dbf resize 33548288K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyindex01.dbf resize 32640000K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux01.dbf resize 4734976K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysysaux02.dbf resize 4250624K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studysystem01.dbf resize 790528K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studyundotbs01.dbf resize 2811904K;
SQL alter database datafile /Data/STUDY/datafile/studywcaudit01.dbf resize 9818112K;2.通过查询dba_data_files表自己写执行SQL
select file_name,user_bytes from dba_data_files;比如查询结果中的这一行 我们可以执行如下语句来收缩表空间 SQL alter database datafile ‘/Data/STUDY/datafile/studyblobs01.dbf’ resize 26213351424;
如遇到“ORA-03297: file contains used data beyond requested RESIZE value”错误可以resize后的值稍微调大一些再次执行。
参考文章 https://www.cnblogs.com/rangle/p/9263505.html
