无锡专业做网站,网站描述范例,首页wordpress主题,网站建设后期文章目录 现实实例反例优化异步职责链 职责链模式在 C# 中是常见的#xff0c;他的定义是#xff1a;使多个对象都有机会处理请求#xff0c;从而避免发送者和请求者之间的耦合关系#xff0c;将对象连成一条链并传递该请求#xff0c;直到有一个对象处理它为止
现实实例… 文章目录 现实实例反例优化异步职责链 职责链模式在 C# 中是常见的他的定义是使多个对象都有机会处理请求从而避免发送者和请求者之间的耦合关系将对象连成一条链并传递该请求直到有一个对象处理它为止
现实实例
上公交车要把硬币递给后排的售票员现在应该不常见了运气好第一个人就是售票员负责要一直传递直到找到售票员
请求发送者只知道链中的第一个节点弱化了发送者和接受者之间的强联系如果不使用职责链模式我们只能知道谁是售票员才能把硬币给他
反例
假设你正在开发一个在线购物网站其中有一个订单处理系统。在该系统中订单需要经过一系列的验证和处理步骤包括库存检查、支付验证、优惠券验证和物流处理
如果是一个程序员新手他有可能实现这样的代码每个步骤都硬编码在里面难以扩展和优化
public class OrderProcessor
{public void ProcessOrder(Order order){// 库存检查bool stockAvailable CheckStock(order);if (!stockAvailable){Console.WriteLine(库存不足);return;}// 支付验证bool paymentValidated ValidatePayment(order);if (!paymentValidated){Console.WriteLine(支付验证失败);return;}// 优惠券验证bool couponValidated ValidateCoupon(order);if (!couponValidated){Console.WriteLine(优惠券验证失败);return;}// 物流处理ProcessShipping(order);}private bool CheckStock(Order order){// 检查库存逻辑// ...}private bool ValidatePayment(Order order){// 支付验证逻辑// ...}private bool ValidateCoupon(Order order){// 优惠券验证逻辑// ...}private void ProcessShipping(Order order){// 物流处理逻辑// ...}
}public class Order
{// 订单数据// ...
}优化
这是使用职责链模式优化的代码把请求解耦分给不同的 Handler 执行并通过设置 Next Handler 找到下一个职责任务这就拆分了不同的执行节点变得可扩展了
public abstract class OrderHandler
{protected OrderHandler NextHandler;public void SetNextHandler(OrderHandler handler){NextHandler handler;}public abstract void ProcessOrder(Order order);
}public class StockCheckHandler : OrderHandler
{public override void ProcessOrder(Order order){bool stockAvailable CheckStock(order);if (!stockAvailable){Console.WriteLine(库存不足);return;}if (NextHandler ! null){NextHandler.ProcessOrder(order);}}private bool CheckStock(Order order){// 检查库存逻辑// ...}
}public class PaymentValidationHandler : OrderHandler
{public override void ProcessOrder(Order order){bool paymentValidated ValidatePayment(order);if (!paymentValidated){Console.WriteLine(支付验证失败);return;}if (NextHandler ! null){NextHandler.ProcessOrder(order);}}private bool ValidatePayment(Order order){// 支付验证逻辑// ...}
}public class CouponValidationHandler : OrderHandler
{public override void ProcessOrder(Order order){bool couponValidated ValidateCoupon(order);if (!couponValidated){Console.WriteLine(优惠券验证失败);return;}if (NextHandler ! null){NextHandler.ProcessOrder(order);}}private bool ValidateCoupon(Order order){// 优惠券验证逻辑// ...}
}public class ShippingHandler : OrderHandler
{public override void ProcessOrder(Order order){// 物流处理逻辑// ...}
}// 在客户端代码中构建职责链
public class Client
{public void Main(){OrderHandler stockCheckHandler new StockCheckHandler();OrderHandler paymentValidationHandler new PaymentValidationHandler();OrderHandler couponValidationHandler new CouponValidationHandler();OrderHandler shippingHandler new ShippingHandler();stockCheckHandler.SetNextHandler(paymentValidationHandler);paymentValidationHandler.SetNextHandler(couponValidationHandler);couponValidationHandler.SetNextHandler(shippingHandler);OrderProcessor orderProcessor new OrderProcessor(stockCheckHandler);Order order new Order();orderProcessor.ProcessOrder(order);}
}public class OrderProcessor
{private OrderHandler _orderHandler;public OrderProcessor(OrderHandler orderHandler){_orderHandler orderHandler;}public void ProcessOrder(Order order){_orderHandler.ProcessOrder(order);}
}public class Order
{// 订单数据// ...
}异步职责链
每个具体的处理器类都可以异步执行相应的任务并将结果传递给下一个处理器。通过使用异步职责链模式将注册过程的不同步骤解耦并异步处理提高性能和响应速度
public abstract class RegistrationHandler
{protected RegistrationHandler NextHandler;public void SetNextHandler(RegistrationHandler handler){NextHandler handler;}public abstract Taskbool ProcessAsync(RegistrationRequest request);
}public class UsernameValidationHandler : RegistrationHandler
{public override async Taskbool ProcessAsync(RegistrationRequest request){// 验证用户名是否有效await Task.Delay(1000); // 模拟异步操作bool isValid !string.IsNullOrEmpty(request.Username);Console.WriteLine(Username validation completed);// 将结果传递给下一个处理器if (NextHandler ! null){return await NextHandler.ProcessAsync(request) isValid;}return isValid;}
}public class EmailValidationHandler : RegistrationHandler
{public override async Taskbool ProcessAsync(RegistrationRequest request){// 验证电子邮件是否有效await Task.Delay(1000); // 模拟异步操作bool isValid !string.IsNullOrEmpty(request.Email);Console.WriteLine(Email validation completed);// 将结果传递给下一个处理器if (NextHandler ! null){return await NextHandler.ProcessAsync(request) isValid;}return isValid;}
}public class AccountCreationHandler : RegistrationHandler
{public override async Taskbool ProcessAsync(RegistrationRequest request){// 创建用户账户await Task.Delay(1000); // 模拟异步操作bool isSuccess true; // 假设账户创建成功Console.WriteLine(Account creation completed);// 将结果传递给下一个处理器if (NextHandler ! null){return await NextHandler.ProcessAsync(request) isSuccess;}return isSuccess;}
}
